查看“Top”的源代码

[[文件:Top2.png|无|缩略图|650x650像素]]

=== SUMMARY AREA ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+top 行
!内容
!含义
|-
|08:57:43
|当前时间
|-
|up 17 days, 23:07
|系统运行时间，系统运行了多久
|-
|1 user
|当前登录用户数
|-
|load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05
|系统负载，即任务队列的平均长度，三个数值分别为 1分钟、5分钟、15分钟前到现在的平均值
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+Tasks 行
|total
|进程总数
|-
|running
|正在运行的进程数
|-
|sleeping
|睡眠的进程数
|-
|stopped
|停止的进程数
|-
|zombie
|僵尸进程数
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+%Cpu(s) 行
|us
|用户空间占用CPU百分比
|-
|sy
|内核空间占用CPU百分比
|-
|ni
|用户进程空间内改变过优先级的进程占用CPU百分比
|-
|id
|空闲CPU百分比
|-
|wa
|等待输入输出的CPU时间百分比
|-
|hi
|硬中断（Hardware IRQ）占用CPU的百分比
|-
|si
|软中断（Software Interrupts）占用CPU的百分比
|-
|st
|（Steal time）是当 hypervisor 服务另一个虚拟处理器的时候，虚拟 CPU 等待实际 CPU 的时间的百分比
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+KiB Mem 行 
| colspan="2" |total
| colspan="2" |同 [[/proc/meminfo内存信息说明|/proc/meminfo 中的 MemTotal]]，所有可用的内存大小；total=used+free+buff/cache
|-
| colspan="2" |used
| colspan="2" |使用的物理内存总量
|-
| colspan="2" |free
| colspan="2" |空闲内存总量
|-
| colspan="2" |buff/cache
| colspan="2" |用做内核缓存的内存量
|}
附：

           KiB = kibibyte = 1024 bytes

           MiB = mebibyte = 1024 KiB = 1,048,576 bytes

           GiB = gibibyte = 1024 MiB = 1,073,741,824 bytes

           TiB = tebibyte = 1024 GiB = 1,099,511,627,776 bytes

           PiB = pebibyte = 1024 TiB = 1,125,899,906,842,624 bytes

           EiB = exbibyte = 1024 PiB = 1,152,921,504,606,846,976 bytes


{| class="wikitable"
|+KiB Swap 行
|total
|使用的交换区总量
|-
|free
|空闲交换区总量
|-
|cached
|缓冲的交换区总量
|}




=== TASK AREA ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+进程信息区
|PID
|进程id
|-
|USER
|进程所有者的用户名
|-
|PR
|priority，优先级
|-
|NI
|nice值，负值表示高优先级，正值表示低优先级
|-
|VIRT
|virtual，进程使用的虚拟内存总量，单位kb。VIRT=SWAP+RES
|-
|RES
|Resident Memory Size (KiB)
A subset of the virtual address space (VIRT) representing the non-swapped physical memory a task is currently using.

虚拟地址空间 (VIRT) 的子集，表示任务当前正在使用的非交换物理内存。

进程使用的、未被换出的物理内存大小，单位kb。RES=CODE+DATA
|-
|SHR
|share，共享内存大小，单位kb
|-
|S
|进程状态
D = uninterruptible sleep

I = idle

R = running

S = sleeping

T = stopped by job control signal

t = stopped by debugger during trace

Z = zombie
|-
|%CPU
|CPU使用率
|-
|%MEM
|简单的 RES 除以总物理内存 RES/(KiB Mem 行)
|-
|TIME+
|进程使用的CPU时间总计，单位1/100秒
|-
|COMMAND
|Command Name or Command Line
Display the command line used to start a task or the name of the associated program.

显示用于启动任务的命令行或关联程序的名称
|}

更多、更详细看<syntaxhighlight lang="shell-session">
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ man top
</syntaxhighlight>

=== 常用 ===

==== 过滤显示一个进程或多个进程 ====
<syntaxhighlight lang="shell-session">
root@aade5ae73079:/var/www/html# top -p 1
top - 12:11:25 up 18 days, 10:21,  0 users,  load average: 0.00, 0.03, 0.05
Tasks:   1 total,   0 running,   1 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.0 us,  7.1 sy,  0.0 ni, 92.9 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st
MiB Mem : 56.6/1837.8   [                                                                                                    ]
MiB Swap:  0.0/0.0      [                                                                                                    ]

  PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND                                                                                                                                                               
    1 root      20   0  246612  16496  10380 S   0.0   0.9   0:07.35 apache2    
</syntaxhighlight><syntaxhighlight lang="shell-session">
root@aade5ae73079:/var/www/html# top -p 1,156
top - 12:13:54 up 18 days, 10:23,  0 users,  load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05
Tasks:   2 total,   0 running,   2 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  6.7 us,  0.0 sy,  0.0 ni, 93.3 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st
MiB Mem :   1837.8 total,     80.4 free,    813.8 used,    943.6 buff/cache
MiB Swap:      0.0 total,      0.0 free,      0.0 used.    798.8 avail Mem 

  PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND                                                                                                                                                               
    1 root      20   0  246612  16496  10380 S   0.0   0.9   0:07.35 apache2                                                                                                                                                               
  156 www-data  20   0  330588  67400  51296 S   0.0   3.6   0:22.40 apache2
</syntaxhighlight>


==== TASK AREA 按照指定字段排序 ====
<syntaxhighlight lang="shell-session">
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ top -o %CPU
top - 21:06:20 up 402 days, 14:18,  4 users,  load average: 0.03, 0.01, 0.00
Tasks: 138 total,   1 running, 137 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.1 us,  0.5 sy,  0.0 ni, 99.4 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st
MiB Mem :    924.5 total,    310.0 free,     86.9 used,    527.6 buff/cache
MiB Swap:    100.0 total,     57.2 free,     42.8 used.    754.2 avail Mem 

  PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND                                                                                                                                                               
20294 pi        20   0   10564   3072   2532 S   1.0   0.3   0:50.40 top                                                                                                                                                                   
18867 pi        20   0   12236   3844   3176 S   0.3   0.4   0:03.22 sshd                                                                                                                                                                  
20549 root      20   0       0      0      0 I   0.3   0.0   0:00.10 kworker/u8:1-events_unbound                                                                                                                                           
20579 pi        20   0   10536   3048   2508 R   0.3   0.3   0:00.06 top                           

</syntaxhighlight><syntaxhighlight lang="shell-session">
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ top -o %MEM
top - 21:08:28 up 402 days, 14:20,  4 users,  load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00
Tasks: 137 total,   1 running, 136 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  1.4 us,  2.8 sy,  0.0 ni, 95.8 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st
MiB Mem :    924.5 total,    310.0 free,     86.9 used,    527.6 buff/cache
MiB Swap:    100.0 total,     57.2 free,     42.8 used.    754.2 avail Mem 

  PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND                                                                                                                                                               
20231 root      20   0   50420  14404  13068 S   0.0   1.5   0:01.22 smbd                                                                                                                                                                  
  114 root      20   0   41304  14204  13308 S   0.0   1.5   7:40.49 systemd-journal                                                                                                                                                       
  444 root      20   0   34040   9744   7728 S   0.0   1.0  21:57.68 nmbd                                                                                                                                                                  
  775 root      20   0   48888   8972   8676 S   0.0   0.9   3:58.75 smbd                                                                                                                                                                  
    1 root      20   0   33828   8024   6380 S   0.0   0.8   8:13.32 systemd                                                                                                                                                               
20399 root      20   0   12236   6256   5472 S   0.0   0.7   0:00.15 sshd               
</syntaxhighlight>